Fast Large Signal Identification Professional (FLSI Pro)
Pre-Release Product
Features and Benefits
- Measures small and large signal lumped speaker parameters
- Supports drivers in free air, closed, vented and passive radiator systems
- Minimal measurement time: from 20 seconds to 3 minutes
- Fully automatic measurement process
- Identifies the root causes of distortion
- Generates accurate linear and nonlinear parameters for simulations
- Enables fast thermal characterization
- Creates initial parameters for Klippel Controlled Sound (KCS)
The Fast Large Signal Identification (FLSI) software module identifies the elements of the nonlinear lumped parameter model of woofers, microspeakers, tweeters, and other electrodynamic transducers. The transducer might be mounted in a closed or ported enclosure and operates under normal working conditions. It is excited with a multi-tone signal. Starting in the small-signal domain, the amplitude is gradually increased up to the limits admissible for the particular transducer. The maximum amplitude can be determined automatically using the identified transducer parameters and general protection parameters describing the thermal and mechanical load.
The identification of the model parameters is based on the voltage u(t) and current signal i(t) measured at the electrical terminals. The identified model allows for locating the sources of the nonlinear distortion and their contribution to the radiated sound. The dynamic generation of a DC-part in the displacement, amplitude compression, and other nonlinear effects can be investigated in detail.

Preliminary Specification
Requirements
- Klippel Analyzer 3 (KA3)
- Amplifier (AMP Card or external amplifier)
- PC
Software
- Requires the latest version of dB-Lab 212
Accessories
Internet Access
Parameter identification runs on a KLIPPEL server.
License Model
Literature
- Loudspeaker Nonlinearities. Causes, Parameters, Symptoms
- Assessing the Large Signal Performance of Loudspeakers
- Large Signal Performance of Tweeters
- Measurement of Large Signal Parameters
- Loudspeaker Nonlinearities. Causes, Parameters, Symptoms (Know-How Poster)
- Perceptual and Physical Evaluation of Guitar Speakers
- Why and How to Test Voice Coil Position in Production Line
- Measuring the Nonlinear, Lossy, Frequency-dependent Voice Coil Inductance
Patents
- Germany: 10 2007 005 070; USA: US8,078,433B2;
- China: ZL200810092055.4;
- Japan: 5364271;
- India: 162/DEL/2008;
- Germany: 10 2012 020 271 7;
- USA: 10,110,995;
- China: 201380054458.9;
- Korea:10-2015-7012390;
- Taiwan: 102137485;
- India: 844/MUMNP/2015
Novel Features of the Fast LSI
- Fast measurement and comparison of multiple speaker samplels
- Measurement time as low as 20 seconds measurement time possible for small speakers
- Automatic measurement of accurate linear and nonlinear parameters
- Automatic stimulus configuration for both linear and nonlinear measurements
- Full lumped parameter set identified in a single measurement
- No need to import Bl(x) from the LPM into the large signal identification
- Find the maximum displacement limit easier with new protection limits
- Maximum displacement Xtarget measured by a laser
- Rub&Buzz protection limit measured by a microphone
- Comprehensive distortion analysis
- Instantly view both dominant and negligible sources of nonlinear distortion
- Calculation and display of the spectral distribution of individual distortion components
- Improved loudspeaker model
- Enhanced accuracy of all linear and nonlinear parameters
- Frequency-dependent inductance nonlinearity curves
- Mechanical creep identified from electrical data - no laser is required
- Mechanical hysteresis included in the model and shown as a distortion component
- Identification of port nonlinearity distortion
- Identification of effective surface area nonlinearity Sd(x) distortion
- Fast thermal parameter identification
- Enables calculating of short-term power handling
- Supports comparison of different motor and coil geometries with respect to power handling and cooling performance
- Measurement of initial KCS parameters
Linear Parameters
- Measure full lumped linear transducer parameters with highest accuracy
- Supports closed, vented, passive radiator, bandpass systems and tweeters
- Automatically determines optimum stimulus settings (level, averages)
- Investigate parameter variations between the small and large signal domains






